Portable alarm system

ABSTRACT

A portable alarm system is disclosed. The portable alarm system includes a portable base station, which has an outer housing that encloses a power supply and a secondary protective housing. The secondary protective housing encloses at least a controller and a cellular modem that are electrically connected to each other. An energy storage device, such as a super capacitor, is configured to maintain a store of energy and is electrically connected to the controller and the cellular modem to provide an alternative power source thereto.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No.15/492,675 filed Apr. 20, 2017, which claims priority to U.S.Application No. 62/403,432 filed Oct. 3, 2016, U.S. application Ser. No.14/711,297 filed May 13, 2015 and U.S. Application No. 61/992,606 filedMay 13, 2014. The entire disclosures of the above applications areincorporated herein by reference.

FIELD

The present disclosure relates to portable alarm systems.

BACKGROUND

Portable alarm systems are now known in the marketplace. Exemplaryportable alarm systems are manufactured and sold by Tattletale PortableAlarm Systems, Inc. of Columbus, Ohio. The following United Statespatents describe representative portable alarm systems: U.S. Pat. Nos.5,587,701; 6,049,273; 6,831,557; 5,777,551; and 7,327,220, all of whichare incorporated herein by reference. Generally, these portable alarmsystems include a portable base unit and at least one remote sensor,which is configured to communicate wirelessly with the portable basestation. The sensor may be conventional wireless window/door sensors,motion sensors, glass breakage sensors and the like. The base unitincludes a microprocessor, a receiver configured to receive wirelesssignals from the wireless sensor 14 and a wireless transceiverconfigured to communicate over known wireless networks, such as 3G and4G LTE networks. The portable base unit may also include an integratedmotion sensor and a rechargeable battery. In operation, when the sensordetects a trigger event (e.g., window opening, door opening, glassbreakage, motion), the wireless sensor emits a wireless signal, which isreceived by a receiver in the base station. The receiver converts thewireless signal to an electrical signal, which is communicated to themicroprocessor. The microprocessor may then cause the transceiver toinitiate a wireless communication to a remote location, e.g., amonitoring station or a designated telephone number, or to initiateother types of communications, such as a text message or alert to asmart phone or other mobile electronic device.

The inventors hereof have developed improvements to the functionalityand usefulness of this existing portable alarm system.

DRAWINGS

The drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only ofselected embodiments and not all possible implementations, and are notintended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.

FIG. 1 is a front perspective view of a portable alarm base unitaccording to an embodiment of the invention, including illustrations ofselect internal componentry.

FIG. 2 is a functional diagram of the internal componentry of theexemplary portable alarm base unit illustrated in FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is an environmental diagram illustrating communications betweenthe portable alarm base unit shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and various externaldevices.

Corresponding reference numerals indicate corresponding parts throughoutthe several views of the drawings.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference tothe accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 illustrates a portable alarm base unit 10 from a frontperspective view. FIG. 2 is a functional diagram of the portable alarmbase unit 10. Components common to both figures maintain the samereference number. With reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the portable alarmbase unit 10 includes a housing 11 that includes various components onthe external surface thereof and enclosed thereby that cooperate tooperate the portable alarm system. The base unit 10 includes: (i) touchscreen display 12, (ii) rotatable camera 16 that may be mounted to anantenna 14, (iii) microphone 18, (iv) speaker 20, (v) strobe light 104,and (vi) front motion sensor 22, all of which are disposed on an outersurface of the housing 11. The base unit 10 further includes a powercord 32 that extends external to the housing 11 to plug into a standardwall power outlet. The base unit 10 may also include a rear motionsensor 102 (not shown in FIG. 1). The following components areincorporated inside of housing 11: (i) a hardware module 100, whichincludes a power supply 30 and a hardware interface 101, (ii) a Z-waveor other automation transceiver 24, (iii) a two-way wireless transceiver26, (iv) a backup battery 28, (v) an accelerometer 106, and (v) apressure sensor 34. The housing 11 also encloses a secondary protectivehousing 36, which includes therein several operational components thatare considered particularly important for communications: (i) cellularmodem and GPS unit 118, (ii) Wi-Fi transceiver 116, (iii) power module110, (iv) power storage device 112, (v) CODEC 114, and (vi)microprocessor 120.

The hardware module 100 supplies power (via power supply 30) andprovides a hardware interface 101 to the various components housed inthe base unit 10. The hardware module 100 receives power from battery 28and/or from a standard wall outlet through power cord 32. Hardwaremodule 100 is electrically connected to rotatable camera 16, front andrear motion sensors 22 and 102, pressure sensor 34, strobe light 104,and touchscreen display 12. The hardware module 100 is furtherelectrically connected to accelerometer 106, two-way transceiver 26 andautomation transceiver 24. Hardware module 100 is electrically connectedto the power module 110 and the microprocessor 120 inside of thesecondary protective housing 36. The microprocessor 120 is electricallyconnected to the Wi-Fi transceiver 116, the CODEC 114 and the cellularmodem/GPS module 118.

FIG. 3 is an environmental illustration showing various communicationpaths of the base unit 10. The base unit 10 receives inputs from users228 a-c. The inputs can be tactile using the touchscreen display 12 orverbal. The users 228 a-228 c may also receive auditory alerts from thebase unit 10. The base unit 10 further communicates with a variety ofwireless sensors 230 a-230 d and key fobs and remote controls 230 e-230f. The wireless sensors 230 a-230 d provide alarm signals to base unit10 and key fobs and remote controls 230 e-230 f provide wireless controlsignals to base unit 10. Base units 200 a-200 c communicate wirelesslywith cell tower 212 a, which is communicatively coupled to cell carrier210. Cell tower 212 b is also communicatively coupled to cell carrier210 and wirelessly communicates with cell phone devices 214 a and 214 b.Cell phone devices 214 a and 214 b can wirelessly communicate withmonitoring station 222 and computer center 218 via cell tower 212 c andinternet 220. Base unit 10 communicates directly with cell phones 214 aand 214 b via cell tower 212 b. Base unit 10 also communicates withcomputer center 218 via cell tower 212 b and cell carrier 210. Thecomputer center 218 communicates with the monitoring station 222 viainternet 220. Base unit 10 can also communicate with satellite 216. Baseunit 10 can also communicate wirelessly with a variety of sensors andmonitoring devices, including Wi-Fi cameras 224 a-b and home automationdevices 226 a-226 c.

Anti-Tampering Functionality

With reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, The base unit 10 is configured toovercome attempts by a perpetrator to destroy/disable the base unit 10which would otherwise prevent it from communicating an alarm signal toeither a monitoring station 222 or directly to a user's mobileelectronic device, e.g., 214 a, 214 b. The secondary protective housing36 in combination with various methods for detecting attempts to destroyand/or disable the base unit 10 accomplish this goal.

Secondary Protective Housing (“Bunker”) 36

The housing 11 of base unit 10 is made from molded plastic or a similarmaterial. While durable, the base unit housing 11 is not typicallyadapted to withstand severe abuse, such as being shot with a gun,smashed with a baseball bat or hammer, or submerged in water. It isconceivable that a perpetrator could cause such severe abuse aftertriggering a sensor but before the base unit 10 is able to initiate andcomplete a call to the remote monitoring stations and/or initiate andcomplete a communication (e.g., text message or alert) to a designatedsmart phone or other electronic device. It is also possible that aperpetrator could cause such abuse even prior to the base unit 10 beingarmed. To address this contingency, the secondary protective housing 36is configured to house the electronic components that are critical tocommunications and to be generally highly resistant to physical abusethat could be imposed on the portable base unit 10 in the context of thenormal usage of the system, such as submersion in water, smashing and/orshooting with a gun. Therefore, the secondary protective housing 36 ispreferably made from an extremely strong and durable material, such aspolycarbonate, and is preferably sealed and waterproof.

As described above, the secondary protective housing 36 contains thereinthe components of the base unit 10 that are most critical forcommunications, including for example: (i) microprocessor 120, (ii)communications component(s), such as Wi-Fi transceiver 116 and/orcellular modem/GPS 118, (iii) CODEC 114, (iv) power module 110, and (v)a power storage device, such as a super capacitor 112. In short, thesecondary protective housing 36 should at least include components thatare necessary to generate a wireless communication outside of the baseunit 10 when an act of abuse is detected that otherwise couldincapacitate the communications of the base unit 10.

Power is normally supplied to the components within the housing 11 bythe main power supply 30 and monitored by the microprocessor 120 inconjunction with the power module 110. The super capacitor 112 ismaintained charged by the main power supply 30 and ready to be used tomaintain power to the components inside of the secondary protectivehousing 36 in the event that an abuse event is detected or power fromthe main power supply 30 is lost. Super capacitor 112 may be an ultracapacitor (or equivalent) or a combination thereof.

The power storage device, such as super capacitor 112 (or anultra-capacitor) is configured to store energy sufficient to power thecomponents (e.g., microprocessor 120 and communication component(s))necessary to generate a communication from the base unit 10 to anexternal location, such as a monitoring station 222 or a mobileelectronic device 214 a, 214 b. A benefit of implementing the powerstorage device in the form of a super capacitor or ultra-capacitor isthat such devices can be charged to full capacity in a couple of secondsfrom an external power source and the need to periodically replaceback-up batteries is eliminated. However, other mechanisms for storingenergy to power components contained in the secondary protective housing36 for a short period of time consistent with the purposes describedherein could be used in place of the super capacitor or ultra-capacitor,such as re-chargeable batteries and the like.

During normal operation, the components within the secondary protectivehousing 36 will interact with all of those outside of the secondaryprotective housing 36 as well, including all of the sensors,touchscreen, additional transceivers and power sources, acting as themain control and system master. It is only when the microprocessor 120has detected all primary power sources have been eliminated will itterminate all communication and further servicing of system componentsoutside of the secondary protective housing 36 and prepare to send afinal signal out from the cellular and/or Wi-Fi transceiver with itslast GPS coordinates to indicate it has been attacked and is no longerin operation.

Detection of Abuse to, Disablement of and/or Movement of the Base Unit

Detection of abuse to the base unit 10 can be accomplished in manydifferent ways. In one example, accelerometer 106 is used to detectsudden impacts such as those caused by a blow from a hammer, bat, fist,etc. This information is communicated to microprocessor 120 andprocessed according to known methods. This type of detection can be donethrough either preprogramming accelerometer 106, through a serialconnection with a set of X, Y and Z axis G-Force values and time windowsthat would constitute an impact level. Once accelerometer 106 detectsmovement (impact) that would meet or exceed the values and time windowsfor any of the axes, a separate signal can be passed to themicroprocessor 120 via an interrupt pin to indicate an impact hasoccurred. Alternatively, the accelerometer 106 can be polled by themicroprocessor 120 though a serial connection and the raw X, Y and Zaxis information retrieved. The microprocessor 120 could then perform adetection algorithm in a similar manner by detecting G-forces in anyaxis above set thresholds within a given time window.

In a second example, accelerometer 106 is also used to detect movementof the base unit 10 from where it was positioned. It can detect tilting,sliding and dropping, all of which could be considered efforts toreposition the base unit 10 to gain access, relocate or steal the unitin order to prevent proper operation. The accelerometer 106 will bepolled by the microprocessor 120 though a serial connection and the rawX, Y and Z axis information retrieved. The microprocessor 120 would thenperform a detection algorithm that would compare the received values tothe normal values for the base unit 10 sitting stationary on a flatsurface to detect a gross change that would indicate movement.

In a third example, removal of the external power can be detected by themicroprocessor 120 and considered as an act of a potential attacker todefeat the base unit's ability to sound and transmit an alarm signal.Various electrical and mechanical approaches to determining if a powercord is connected can be applied.

In a fourth example, a pressure transducer 34 is used to detect a suddenchange in atmospheric pressure within the outer housing which wouldindicate a breach of the outer shell through some means such as a drill,punch, gunshot, torch, knife, etc. The microprocessor 120 wouldcontinually monitor and adjust for ambient (normal) pressure within thehousing 11 in order to detect a small sudden change from normal gradualchange due to effects of temperature and outside pressure changes.

In a fifth example, a multilayer metalized membrane may be secured tovulnerable areas on the inside surface of the housing 11. An electricalpotential can be applied across the layers of the membrane. When aconductive object (or material) such as a drill bit, knife, water, etc.comes in contact with two different metalized layers of the membrane, anelectrical current will flow between those layers and will be detectedby the microprocessor 120 as a breach.

In a sixth example, an approach to detecting interference with thetouchscreen 12 of the base unit 10 can be employed. Touchscreen 12 is inconstant bidirectional communication with the microprocessor 120.Whenever that communication has been interrupted, the microprocessor 120will attempt to power cycle touchscreen 12 in an attempt to re-establishcommunication. If that attempt to re-establish communication fails after3 attempts in a row, the microprocessor 120 can be programmed togenerate a signal indicating that the touchscreen 12 has been disabled.

Regardless of the detection approach(es) employed, the microprocessor120 is configured to receive signals from one or more components of thesystem that allow the microprocessor 120 to determine if an event thatqualifies as an act of abuse or attempt to disable the base unit 10 hasoccurred. The microprocessor 120 can be configured to detect and reactto events that qualify as an act of abuse or attempt to disable the baseunit whether the base unit 10 is armed or not armed. That is, the baseunit 10 can be configured to “monitor itself” whether the securitysystem is in the “armed” state or the “unarmed” state. When themicroprocessor 120 identifies such a condition, the microprocessor 120initiates at least one wireless transmission to the monitoring stationand/or designated mobile electronic device with an alert of thecondition. Additionally, the GPS unit may be activated and communicationbetween the GPS unit of the base unit 10 and either or both of a mobileelectronic device and/or the monitoring station 222 can be established,allowing a user to track the location of the base unit 10 in the eventthat it is moved without authorization. Secondary protective housing 36ensures that the microprocessor 120, communications devices, and othercomponents maintained within the secondary protective housing 36 remainfunctional even if the rest of the base unit 10 has been compromised,and the super capacitor 112 (or other energy storage device) ensuresthat such components have sufficient power for at least one finalwireless transmission.

This described use of secondary protective housing 36 to protect themicroprocessor 120 and the cellular modem/GPS 118 from many types ofabuse, along with the inclusion of super capacitor 112 (or other energystorage device), provides the base unit 10 with the ability tocommunicate with the monitoring station 222 and/or a designated portableelectronic device, e.g., 214 a-214 b, for a short period of time afterthe base unit 10 itself has been subjected to severe abuse or waterdamage. Upon detection of a qualifying act, such as severe abuse,submersion in water or disconnection of power, a communication is sentfrom the components inside of the secondary protective housing 36 to anexternal location indicating that the base unit 10 has been attacked.

Surround Motion Sensing

The base unit 10 includes a motion sensor 22 on the front of housing 11and also a motion sensor 102 on the rear of the base unit 10.Additionally, it may be desirable to include motion sensors on the sidesof the base unit 10. In this manner, the base unit 10 is protected fromattack from all directions and is able to trigger an alarm and wirelesstransmission in response to movement in any direction of the base unit10.

Integrated Hot Spot

It is becoming more common to add wireless broadband cameras to aprotected premise to raise the level of security and availableinformation to the user and monitoring center. There are five mainproblems with the typical installation of such cameras, as set forthbelow.

First, most broadband connections that serve security devices within apremise (for the actual security system and auxiliary devices such ascameras) are powered by mains power (from a utility company) and aresubject to failure during storms, accidents and overloads. Even if thesecurity system has a backup power source, the ability to send outsignals using the broadband connection would be compromised when themains power is lost.

Second, in a typical premise, all broadband connections are providedthrough some hardwired connection into the building such as cableservice, DSL, fiber optic, satellite antenna, etc. As such, theseconnections are vulnerable to attack by any potential intruder by simplycutting the wires for the broadband service from outside the protectedpremise.

Third, the cameras are sharing the network with all of the othercomputers, tablets, gaming systems, etc. normally used within andsurrounding the premise and as such are can be limited in bandwidth dueto the other devices streaming needs.

Fourth, most Wi-Fi networks employ some sort of data security throughthe use of system IDs and passwords, which provide some degree of cybersecurity when and if they are used. However, because these systems aremostly ‘open’ in nature—since the system ID and password are set up bythe system owner or IT personnel—the network can still be joined byanyone that knows the password.

Finally, most broadband network equipment is not monitored by externaldevices for normal operation and can occasionally lock up, under whichconditions they can no longer exchange data with the wide area network(e.g., Internet) or other devices within the local network, untilsomeone can reset them manually.

An embodiment of the portable alarm system described herein addressessome or all of these particular problems. The portable alarm system mayincorporate a 3G or 4G LTE or equivalent type wireless transceiver inthe base unit 10, which is configured to establish the base unit 10 as acellular hot spot that can only be accessed by the cameras (or otherremote sensing devices) used in the portable alarm system. The wirelesscameras would also include a 3G or 4G LTE transmitter. Because the baseunit 10 includes a rechargeable battery 28 for powering the base unit 10during times of power outage or as simply an alternative source of powerwhen stationary power is not readily available, the private 3G or 4G LTEis not entirely dependent on the stationary power of the monitoredpremises. Therefore, the 3G or 4G LTE private network can be used as analternative mechanism for cameras to communicate captured video data tothe base unit 10. Once the video data is received by the base unit 10,the base unit 10 may transmit the video data to a remote electronicdevice in a manner typically used. In this way, a power outage in thepremises does not affect the ability for the designated remoteelectronic device to receive the captured video data, so long as thebattery in the base unit 10 has sufficient charge.

In more detail, a private Wi-Fi hotspot system is integrated within thebase unit 10 and secondary protective enclosure 36. The primarycomponents that make up the hotspot are the primary power sources 32,30, 110, backup power sources 28, 30, microprocessor 120, Wi-Fi module116 and cellular modem/GPS 118, and associated antennae. Since all ofthe above subsystems have a backup power source, namely, battery 28, thehotspot will still remain operational even when the mains power hasfailed.

Microprocessor 120 functions as a pathway, administrator and monitor forthe Wi-Fi module 116 and the cellular modem/GPS 118. As a monitor, itwill detect any failure in the cellular network and restart the moduleif required to regain service, including removing the module power andrestoring it. As a monitor it will be able to detect any lockup problemon the Wi-Fi network and restart that module if required to re-establishthe local network, including removing the module power and restoring it.

Because all established connections from the cellular data network tolocal Wi-Fi are contained within the base station 10, there are no wiresof any kind exposed that can be cut to disrupt the broadband service ofthe local Wi-Fi network.

The hot spot system employs a WPS (Wi-Fi protected setup) feature whichallows only cameras (or other Wi-Fi devices), authorized by themanufacturer to connect to the local network, thus preventing otherdevices not associated with the security system or potential attacker'sequipment from joining the network. The network ID is not broadcast. Themicroprocessor 120 and Wi-Fi module 116 will operate in conjunction withthe user interface touchscreen 12 during setup and will present apassword protected screen to the user/installer to pair new Wi-Ficameras (or other devices) to the local Wi-Fi network when a button onthe camera or device is pressed at the same time. Since no network ID orpassword is exposed during this process, there is nothing for apotential attacker to use to join the system.

The base unit 10 and the wireless cameras 224 a-224 b connect to andcommunicate over the Wi-Fi network in the premises. The base unit 10then commonly transmits the captured video data to a remote electronicdevice, such as a mobile electronic device (e.g., smartphone) or acomputer.

Inter-base unit Communications

Touch screen display 12 is configured to receive input and to displayinformation. Currently, textual information relating to the portablealarm system can be displayed on the touch screen, such as informationrelating to triggering of one or more of the sensors, system status,textual communications from a monitoring station, etc. However, theinventors hereof have determined that it would be desirable and usefulfor a plurality of base stations 10 and 200 a-200 b to be able tocommunicate amongst themselves textual messages via a 3G or 4G LTEwireless network. Accordingly, a user of a first base unit 10 couldinput (via the touchscreen or other input mechanism) a textual message,which could them be broadcast and transmitted to a plurality of otheridentified base stations. This mechanism would be useful in a variety ofinstances, including, for example, for communicating within aneighborhood information that is relevant to the neighborhood concerningsafety, such as the identification of suspicious activity in theneighborhood. Further, this mechanism could be used to broadcast amessage to a large group of users of base stations 10 and 200 a-200 b,such as in the context of a university or other defined community, suchas the broadcast required under the Cleary Act in Florida requiringuniversities to broadcast campus-wide certain safety-relatedinformation.

More specifically, all base units (10, 200 a, 200 b . . . ) contain anumber of components within them that would allow for a user to interactwith it in a number of ways, visually (e.g., touchscreen, LED's, strobelight), audibly (speaker, siren, microphone), remotely (Wi-Fi,cellular). As such, it allows the unit to be utilized in anon-traditional manner where information can be exchanged between baseunits and/or a computer center and/or user mobile electronic devices.There are three general categories of how the non-traditionalcommunication would take place and how each would have its own uniqueset of benefits.

Buddy System:

A first embodiment is referred to as a “buddy system.” When configuredin this manner, each base unit 10 is able to send signals to other baseunits (200 a, 200 b . . . ) that have been setup as “buddies.” When analarm occurs on a base unit 10 (through any normal means), a signal issent out through the cellular network 210, 212 b, using the cellularmodem 118 to the computer center 218. Once the signal reaches thecomputer center 218, it is forwarded out to mobile electronic devices(smartphones), email addresses and central monitoring stations asnormal, but in addition, all additional base units 200 a, 200 b, etc.that were set up by the user as “buddies” will be sent a special signalfrom computer center 218, back through the cellular network and passedon to the microprocessor 120 through the cellular modem/GPS 118. Oncethe microprocessor 120 has decoded the signal as a “buddy alert,” aunique sound will be played through the speaker 20, e.g. a siren.Additionally, the microprocessor 120 will instruct the touchscreen 12 todisplay a message indicating the type of alarm, plus the name, addressand telephone number of the buddy system that generated the alarm. Themessage will remain on the screen until that base unit's user hasacknowledged the signal by pressing an icon on the touchscreen 12.

Neighborhood Share:

In a second embodiment, the base units are set up in a “neighborhoodshare” mode. Since all base units are equipped with GPS locationinformation, separate base units could be considered “neighbors” basedon their geographic locations, and, as such, be setup to shareinformation between them that would increase security and communityawareness.

When a user 228 a-228 c has some information to share with theirneighbors such as a crime that was just observed, some suspiciousperson, vehicle or activity was seen, they can initiate a “neighborhoodshare” signal directly on their base unit 10.

The user would use the touchscreen 12 to navigate to the neighborhoodshare menu. They would then select to either type in a text messagedirectly on the touchscreen 12 using an alphanumeric keypad or record ashort audio message. If the user elects to record a short audio message,they will be prompted to press an icon while speaking the message theywant to share with other neighbors. The microphone 18 will assist theaudio signal into the CODEC 114, where it will be converted into adigital format and stored in memory.

When the user is satisfied with the message (either text or audio),he/she can press another icon on the touchscreen 12 and a signal will besent out through the cellular network 210, 212 b, using the cellularmodem/GPS 118 carrying the message in a digital format to the computercenter 218. Once the signal reaches the computer center 218, it isforwarded out to all additional base units 200 a, 200 b, etc. that havea GPS location within a defined radius of the base unit that initiatedthe neighborhood share signal from computer center, back through thecellular network and passed on to the microprocessor 120 through thecellular modem/GPS 118. Once the microprocessor 120 has decoded thesignal as a neighborhood share, a unique sound will be played throughthe speaker/siren 20. Additionally, the microprocessor 120 will instructthe touchscreen 12 to display a message indicating a neighborhood sharemessage was received and if ready for the user to display or playback(if an audio recording) through the microprocessor 120 and CODEC 114 andspeaker 20.

Emergency Broadcast:

A third embodiment is referred to as an “emergency broadcast.” Since allbase units are equipped with GPS location information, a signal can besent to them as a geographic group or as a group based on some othercommonality such as community, campus, building, etc. that is initiatedfrom a special signal that is sent to the computer center in the eventof some type of emergency situation, such as a natural disaster like atornado, tsunami, etc. or other threats such as an active shootersituation.

A special web access, that is user ID and Password protected, would beused by an emergency manager to access the computer center 218 andidentify the group of base units that will receive emergency broadcastmessage. The emergency manager will create the actual emergencybroadcast message using a template such that the message will bedisplayed properly on all base units. Once the message is entered, theemergency manager must press an acknowledgement icon on the webpage.

An emergency broadcast signal will be sent from computer center, backthrough the cellular network and passed on to the microprocessor 120through the cellular modem/GPS 118 on all base units identified in theemergency manager's group. Once the microprocessor 120 has decoded thesignal as an emergency broadcast, a standard emergency alert sound willbe played through the Speaker/Siren 20. Additionally, the microprocessorwill instruct the touchscreen 12 to display the received emergencybroadcast message prominently.

The user at each base unit 10 must acknowledge the emergency broadcastmessage by pressing an Icon on the touchscreen 12 before any other taskis performed on the base unit (with the exception of silencing an activealarm).

Once the user presses the acknowledgement icon, the base unit 10 willcreate an internal log entry noting the date and time.

The emergency manager can use the same web access to cancel any previousemergency broadcast message. By doing so, a signal will be sent from thecomputer center, back through the cellular network and passed on to themicroprocessor 120 through the cellular modem 118 on all base unitsidentified in the emergency manager's group. Once the microprocessor 120has decoded the signal as a cancelation signal, it will return to normaloperation and remove the emergency broadcast message from thetouchscreen 12.

On Demand and Selective Monitoring

In a portable alarm system, there are two main costs associated with thebase unit 10 on a month-to-month basis that are passed along to theuser: (i) fixed monthly fees associated with having access to cellularnetwork data usage charges; and (ii) fees paid to the monitoring station222 to professionally monitor the security system and contact localemergency agencies in response to received alarm notifications. Thesecosts can be minimized using on-demand monitoring and selectivetransmission of alarm signal techniques, as described herein.

Generally, on-demand monitoring refers to a method of controlling thebase unit 10 such that it has access to and communicates with thecellular service provider only when the base unit 10 deems it necessary,as configured by the user. That is, instead of paying a monthly fee formonitoring the security system and base unit 10 (or just paying aminimal fixed monthly fee), the base unit 10 and cellular serviceprovider work together in a manner such that the base unit 10 onlyaccesses cellular service upon initiation of the transmission of analarm signal. Accordingly, the user is not charged a fixed fee formonthly monitoring of the security system, but, instead, is charged on aper-use basis for access to the cellular network. Further, themonitoring station 222 charges the user a fee on a per-use basis aswell, instead of a flat monthly fee for monitoring. On-demand monitoringcan be implemented on its own, but it works particularly well whencombined with selective monitoring, which refers to configuring the baseunit 10 such that a communication to the monitoring station 222 is onlyinitiated in response to a signal from certain designated sensors on thesystem that are so identified and configured by the user during set up(or later).

On-demand and selective monitoring will now be described in more detail.Because the base unit 10 can be configured to use the premise Wi-Fiservice, the user can opt to not activate the cellular serviceinitially. Further, since the base unit can be configured to use theuser's email service, alarm signals can be sent to family and friends asemails and even use email to text services (which all cellular serviceproviders provide) to send those alarms as SMS/Text messages.

When the user configures the security system and adds sensors and panicbuttons to the configuration, he/she can designate certain sensors as“high priority.” A “high priority” sensor is one that results in thebase unit 10 contacting the monitoring station 222 when the “highpriority” sensor is triggered (in addition to sending an email or textmessage). The base unit 10 will not necessarily contact the monitoringstation 222 when non-“high priority” sensors are triggered. As a result,the user incurs a charge from the cellular service provider and from themonitoring station 222 each time a communication is sent to themonitoring station 222, as opposed to a fixed monthly charge from both(though it is still possible and within the scope of the invention ifthe user continues to pay a nominal monthly fixed fee for cellularservice and monitoring).

If the user chooses and agrees during the setup of the base unit 10 theability to activate the cellular modem at the time of a high priorityalarm, or when the premise Wi-Fi has failed, this configuration will bein place and stored within the base unit's memory and with the cellularservice provider.

When a user initially applies power to the base unit 10, one of thefirst messages the user will see on the touchscreen 12 queries the userabout the type of service he/she wishes to have. Several options will bepresented including on-demand monitoring.

If On-Demand Monitoring is selected one of the following must becompleted:

(1) The user will then be prompted for payment information, location,emergency contacts, and all other required information by the CentralMonitoring Station. Once that information has been entered andelectronically agreed upon, it will be sent electronically to thecomputer center 218. Once verified, the information will be forwarded onto the central monitoring station 222 and the customer servicedepartment. Additionally, the computer center 218 will send a specialsignal to the base unit 10 indicating that on-demand monitoring is nowenabled.

(2) The user can go to a website that is hosted at the computer center218 using any device they choose, enter the serial number the base unitand fill in the online on-demand monitoring form. Upon completion andelectronically agreed upon, the information will be verified and thensent to the central monitoring station 222 and the customer servicedepartment. Additionally, the computer center 218 will send a specialsignal to the base unit 10 indicating that on-demand monitoring is nowenabled.

(3) The user can fill out and sign the included on-demand monitoringform (which is prepopulated with the base unit (10) serial number) andeither fax or email it to the customer service department. The customerservice department will then transfer that information to the onlineon-demand monitoring form that is hosted at the computer center 218.Once the information is verified, it will be sent to the centralmonitoring station 222. Additionally, the computer center 218 will senda special signal to the base unit 10 indicating that on-demandmonitoring is now enabled.

As the user continues to set up the system by enrolling devices such assensors/panic buttons 230 a-230 b and key fobs 230 f, one of the promptson the touchscreen 12 will ask if the added device is considered highpriority. If the user initiates the added device is high priority bypressing the corresponding icon, that option will be recorded innon-volatile memory within the base unit 120.

When an alarm is triggered from one of the enrolled devices such assensors/panic buttons 230 a-230 b and key fobs 230 f a signal will beprepared to be sent out to the normal contact list. If the device'snon-volatile stored information indicates it is a high priority and thebase unit also has on-demand monitoring enabled, then an additionalsignal (or additional indicators within the same signal) will be sentfrom the base unit to the computer center 218. The computer center 218will forward the alarm information to the central monitoring station222, which in turn will use the previously sent emergency contactinformation to notify the proper people and agencies of the alarm. Thecomputer center 218 will also send a message to the customer servicedepartment where a charge for the service will be generated.

During normal operation of the base unit, when an alarm is triggeredfrom one of the enrolled devices such as sensors/panic buttons 230 a-230b and Key fobs 230 f a signal will be prepared to be sent out to thenormal contact list. If the signal is not acknowledged by the emailservers or the network is not present after a set number of attempts(e.g., 4) AND the device's non-volatile stored information indicates itis a high priority AND the base unit also has on-demand Cellularenabled, then the base unit 10 CPU 120 will apply power to the cellularmodem 118 and start the activation process with the cellular carrier210.

Once cellular service has been established, the base unit 10 will send asignal through the cellular modem 118 to the computer center 218indicating the cell modem has been activated. The computer center 218will then send a message to the customer service department where acharge for the cellular activation and service will be generated. Anyactive devices that currently are in an alarm state and have beenpreviously identified as high priority will generate signals that willbe sent to the computer center 218 using the newly activate cellularmodem 118 and service.

All Alarm signals received at the computer center 218 will be forwardedout as emails, text messages and if so programed and enabled, to thecentral monitoring station 222. This can occur in a “tiered” approach,for example, as follows. An exemplary installed alarm system may beconfigured with outdoor motion sensors, window, door and glass breakagesensors, and indoor motion sensors. If an outdoor motion sensor istriggered, the base unit may be configured to send a text alert directlyto an electronic device (e.g., smart phone) without going through themonitoring station and/or to activate outdoor flood lights. If then adoor, window or glass breakage sensor is triggered, the base unit 10 maybe configured to sound an audible alarm within the premises and to sendan additional alert to the designated remote electronic device. If thenan interior motion detector is triggered, e.g., one that is configuredas a “high priority” sensor, the base unit 10 may communicate to themonitoring station, which, in turn, may communicate with a local policedepartment and send out law enforcement to the premises. This tieredapproach to configuring the responsive activities to take in response todifferent sensors being triggered improves accuracy of communications tothe monitoring station and limits those communications to instances thatare most likely to require law enforcement intervention.

Dual Communication Sensors

The wireless sensors that are used with the alarm system commonly are“one directional” in the sense that they, when triggered, communicate awireless alarm signal back to the base unit 10, which acts upon thesignal in a particular manner, e.g., sound audible alarm, callmonitoring station, etc. The inventor has invented wireless sensors thatinclude dual “two way” communication with the base unit 10.Specifically, in addition to communicating the traditional alarm signalfrom the sensor to the base unit 10, the dual communication sensors areconfigured to receive data from the base unit 10 as well. This dualcommunication capability enables the sensors to receive audible data,for example. This capability can be useful for a user of the alarmsystem to be able to communicate to persons through the sensor. Forexample, if a perpetrator triggers an outdoor motion sensor, the baseunit 10 may communicate to the sensor to provide an audible alert and/oraudible voice communication, such as “Trespasser—Please leave premises.”The particular audible information to communicate can be adjusted, and,the base unit 10 may receive the audible information in real time froman occupant of the premises, who speaks the information into the baseunit 10. In any event, the base unit communicates to the sensor, whichconverts the audible data to an audible sound and projects it through abuilt-in speaker in the sensor. Other uses for the two-way dualcommunication between the base unit 10 and the sensors are possible.

Voice Recognition

The inventor hereof has invented a base unit 10 and/or remote wirelesssensors that are capable to detecting audible voice triggers. That is, abase unit 10 and/or remote sensors 230 a-230 d can be equipped withmicrophones configured to receive audible information, to convert suchaudible information to digital data and to assess the digital data todetermine if the audible information matches a particular profile thatwould be sufficient to trigger an alarm. For example, the base unit 10and/or sensors could be configured to recognize certain words, such as“Help”, or “Get Out”, etc., particularly when spoken in high pitches,loud volumes, in repeated fashion or certain combinations. When suchaudible triggers are detected and deciphered, the base unit 10 can treatit an alarm trigger and take action in any number of configured ways,e.g., sound audible alarm, call monitoring station, etc.

The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided forpurposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to beexhaustive or to limit the disclosure. Individual elements or featuresof a particular embodiment are generally not limited to that particularembodiment, but, where applicable, are interchangeable and can be usedin a selected embodiment, even if not specifically shown or described.The same may also be varied in many ways. Such variations are not to beregarded as a departure from the disclosure, and all such modificationsare intended to be included within the scope of the disclosure.

What is claimed is:
 1. A portable alarm system for identifying anintrusion to a physical premise, comprising: a portable base unit,including an outer housing that encloses a receiver, a power supply anda secondary protective housing, the receiver configured to receive awireless alarm signal indicative of a physical intrusion from at leastone sensor that is physically separate from the portable base unit; acontroller enclosed in the secondary protective housing that isconfigured to receive primary power from said power supply and tocommunicate with the wireless receiver; a cellular modem enclosed in thesecondary protective housing that is electrically connected to thecontroller and that is configured to receive primary power from saidpower supply; and an energy storage device enclosed in the secondaryprotective housing that is configured to maintain a store of energy andthat is electrically connected to the controller and the cellular modemto provide a back-up source of power thereto upon detection by thecontroller that said power supply has been permanently eliminated. 2.The portable alarm system of claim 1, wherein said energy storage deviceis chosen from the group consisting of a super capacitor and anultra-capacitor.
 3. The portable alarm system of claim 1, wherein saidsecondary protective housing is comprised of a polycarbonate material.4. The portable alarm system of claim 1, further comprising anaccelerometer enclosed within the outer housing and in electricalcommunication with said controller.
 5. The portable alarm system ofclaim 1, further comprising a pressure transducer enclosed within theouter housing and in electrical communication with said controller. 6.The portable alarm system of claim 1, further comprising a metalizedmembrane secured to an inside surface of said outer housing, whereinsaid metalized membrane comprises at least two metalized layers, whereinsaid power supply causes an electrical potential to be applied betweenthem.
 7. The portable alarm system of claim 1, wherein said secondaryprotective housing is watertight.
 8. A portable alarm system foridentifying an intrusion to a physical premise, comprising: a portablebase unit, including an outer housing that encloses a receiver, a powersupply and a secondary protective housing, the receiver configured toreceive a wireless alarm signal indicative of a physical intrusion fromat least one sensor that is physically separate from the portable baseunit; a controller enclosed in the secondary protective housing that isconfigured to receive primary power from said power supply; a wirelesscommunications device enclosed in the secondary protective housing thatis in communication with said controller and that is configured toreceive primary power from said power supply; and an energy storagedevice enclosed in the secondary protective housing that is configuredto maintain a store of energy and that is electrically connected to thecontroller and the cellular modem to provide a back-up source of powerthereto upon detection by the controller that said power supply has beenpermanently eliminated.
 9. The portable alarm system of claim 8, whereinsaid energy storage device is chosen from the group consisting of asuper capacitor and an ultra-capacitor.
 10. The portable alarm system ofclaim 8, wherein said secondary protective housing is comprised of apolycarbonate material.
 11. The portable alarm system of claim 8,further comprising an accelerometer enclosed within the outer housingand in electrical communication with said controller.
 12. The portablealarm system of claim 8, further comprising a pressure transducerenclosed within the outer housing and in electrical communication withsaid controller.
 13. The portable alarm system of claim 8, furthercomprising a metalized membrane secured to an inside surface of saidouter housing, wherein said metalized membrane comprises at least twometalized layers and wherein said power supply causes an electricalpotential to be applied between them.
 14. The portable alarm system ofclaim 8, wherein said secondary protective housing is watertight. 15.The portable alarm system of claim 1, wherein said controller isconfigured to cause said cellular modem to transmit a wireless signalupon detection of an external act of abuse against said base unit. 16.The portable alarm system of claim 8, wherein said controller isconfigured to cause said cellular modem to transmit a wireless signalupon detection of an external act of abuse against said base unit. 17.The portable alarm system of claim 4, wherein said controller isconfigured to cause said cellular modem to transmit a wireless signal inresponse to receiving a signal from said accelerometer indicative ofmovement of said base unit.
 18. The portable alarm system of claim 5,wherein said controller is configured to cause said cellular modem totransmit a wireless signal in response to receiving a signal from saidpressure transducer indicative of a change in pressure inside of saidouter housing.
 19. The portable alarm system of claim 6, wherein saidcontroller is configured to cause said cellular modem to transmit awireless signal in response to receiving a signal indicative of a changein the electrical potential between said two metalized layers.